Notes on Dutch coinage

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Of the Money of the seven Provinces

In Amsterdam & the towns of Holland they reccon bargain & exchange by Florens (or Livres,) sols & Deniers wch the country people call Guldens styvers & Penninghen or Gilders Styvers & Pence. {illeg} Sixteen Deniers (wch they call deniers common) make a sol & 20 sols and twentyy sols a Floren. They have also Livres sols & deniers de Gross. One Livre d Twelve Grosses or Deniers de Gross make a schelling & {illeg} sol de gross or schelling & twenty schellings or a Livre de gross or pondt Vlaem. And a Livre de Gross is 6 Florens, & a skelling six styvers & a styver two Grosses, & 8 Duytes & 16 Deniers.

The real gold monies of Amsterdam & Holland are

Ducats or Ducatoonsns	valued at	20 Florens
Ducats or Soveraigns		15
Ducats or quarters of Ducats		5
Rose nobles		11

Their silver monies are

Ducatons valued at	3 Florens 3 sols current money
Drie Gu{illeg}ldens or three Gilder pieces	3 Florens, wors 2dt, weight 1oz 8gr, value in exchange 5s. 2$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$d.
Rix Duelders or Patagons	2$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ Fo{illeg}rens
Croons	2 Florens
Duelders	1$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ Florens
Gout Guldens or Gold Gilders of Coarse ☽	1 Floren 8 sols = 28 styvers
Florens or Guldens	1 Floren or 20 sols communs
Sols de Gross or Schellings	6 sols communs = 12 Gross
Sols communs or Styvers	2 Gross = 8 Duytes = 16 Deniers.

The half & quarter pieces are in proportion.

They have other pieces of 2, 3, 4, 8, 12$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ sols & divers others for payment, & Duytes or Deniers of copper of wch 8 make the Sol or Stuyvers.

The money of the Banck (wch is called Banck money & consists in bills of credit upon ye Banck) is also reccomd{illeg}y Florens & deniers & is better then specie money of

Three Guilder pieces (according to Mr Floyer)	3 pr cent
Cross Dollars & Ducatons	4 pr cent
Skillings & 28 Styvers & Styvers	5 pr cent

Bank mone{illeg}y varies & is better then Dollars & Ducatons from 3 to 6 pr cent & then other money proporti{illeg}onally. The buyer & seller of Bank money give 1 pr mille to the Bank for entring the bargain: the buyer gives one half & the seller the other ha{illeg}lf. The Gold monies of Holland are above ye specie coyns at 6$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ pr cent, above bank money at 1$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ pr cent

A three Guilder piece is stampt wth a Minerva leaning on an altar & holding a hat on a peer wth this motto Hae nitimur hanc tue{illeg}mur & on the reverse a Belgic Lyon & sometimes a Lyon & erect cross quartered. Inscription No. Na. argent G. V. &c. Mr Floyer in one paper makes the 3 Guilder piece Worse 4dt. ye weight 20dt 6gr, in another paper wo: 23dt wt 20dt. 8gr in another 3, 4, 5 or 76dt worse. The following 3 Guilder pieces were {illeg}weighed in the tower & assayed by me in Sept 1700 & {illeg}assayed in the Tower

Th{illeg}e{illeg} da{illeg}te

1682

1686

1687

16921

1695

1696

1697

1698

weight

1oz

4gr

1oz

7gr$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$

1oz

5gr

1oz

6gr

1oz

11gr

1oz

5gr$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$

1oz.

9$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr

1oz

6$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr

worsness

1$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$dwt

1dwt

1dwt

1$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$dwt

2dwt

1dwt

1dwt

1dwt

Allowing the was{illeg}t of a grain in every 6 {illeg}years wearing their weight one with another when new coyned was 1oz 8gr, but they were unequally sized be e{illeg}rring in excess & defect of w{illeg}eight 2 or 3 grains or above. Comparing these observations wth Mr Floyers they may be recconed 11 ounces fine, & so when new coynd are worth 5s 2$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$d of just standard English money, or 5d. 2d$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$d of or money new out of the Mint {illeg} If or in course of Exchange. If a grain be added to ye weight so that ye weight be 1oz 9gr they will equal they make {illeg}the bankimaginary current money of wch 444$\frac{\mathrm{4}}{\mathrm{9}}$ deniers de gross (or 37sch. 0$\frac{\mathrm{4}}{\mathrm{6}}$ gross) equal 1℔ sterling in exchange, & 100 deniers de gross equal 54 pence sterling wch is a Rix doller or Ecus. The Dutch therefore in the course of exchange overvalue their c{illeg}urrent money 3 per cent. & should put 38$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$sch {illeg}l to 1li sterling. At 11$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{24}}$oz fin{illeg}e & 1oz 8gr wt they are worth 5s 2$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{10}}$d standard & 5s 23d in exchange.

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Three Dutch Ducatons coynd 1672, 1673, 1675 weighing 20dwt. 16$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr. 20dwt 20d$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$, 20s18d$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ better 3dwt, 3dwt scant, 4dwt. The first coynd in Zeland & most worn, the 2d & 3d coynd in H{illeg} The 3d not worn above a grain or 1$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$gr, the 2d not above 2gr. On one side a man on horsback on ye other the Belgic Lyon wth a sword & seven darts in a scutcheon supported by Lyons. Valued at 5s 8d a piece by ye Refiners. The inscription Mo. No. Arg. pro confoe Belg. Prov. Holl. Westf. &c & on ye Reverse Concordia res parvæ crescunt. If their weight be supposed 1oz. 21gr & their betterness 3dwt they will be worth 5s. 5d$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{5}}$ a piece of or standard money & 5s. 5d$\frac{\mathrm{9}}{\mathrm{10}}$ of or current in course of exchange, & if a grain be added to their weight they will be worth 5s 6d a piece in course of exchange.

By these assays we may reccon exatcly {sic} enough that if Banck money be supposed 5 pr cent better then specie money {illeg}of ye s{illeg}ame denomination, {illeg}& pounds schellings & deniers English, spe{illeg}ecie money de gross of Holland & Banck money of Amsterdam of ye same denomination are matically in proportion as 11. 20 & 21. That is {illeg} 11 shillings sterling = 20 schellings Bank money = 21 shchellings specie money; & 20 shillings sterling {illeg}= 36$\frac{\mathrm{4}}{\mathrm{11}}$sch bank money = 38$\frac{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{11}}$ species money of ye seven Provinces very nearly.

Patagons, Rix dollers or Legg dollers have on them an armed man with a sword to his right hand the blade leaning on his sholder {sic} & in his left hand a double string at wch hands an Escutcheon with the Arms of a Dutch Province covering his left leg. His right legg stands full in view. About it this inscription Mo. No. arg. pro confoe Belg. Westf. com. Zel. &c An {sic} on the reverse the arms of the seven Provinces vizt in an Escutcheon a Lyon rampant with a sword in one foot & seven darts in the other with this inscription: Concordia res parvæ crescunt.

One piece 1697 not worn, worse 13$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$dwt, weight 17dwt 23$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr

Another 1698 not worn, worse 15dwt. wt 17dwt 23$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$gr

Another 1695 not worn, worse 13dwt, wt 18dwt 1$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr

Another 1701 not worn worse 14dwt 06 wt 18dwt

Several others coyned in 1701 were found by assays in the lower 12dwt worse & one of them 13dwt worse. They should be therefore 10$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ ounces fine but often prove a penny weight sometimes two or three penny weight worse. Supposing that they weigh 18dwt & are 10$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ ounces fine, they will be worth 4s. 4$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$d$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{30}}$. In Holland they go for 2$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ Florens, {illeg} is 4s. 34d$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ of or money.

Lyon Dollars are worth two thirds of a Ducaton or 3s 8d. Their stamp is a man to the thighs holding an Escutcheon before him wth this inscription Mo. No. Ar. pro Confoe. Belg. Westf. Campen &c And on the Reverse a great Lyon rampant with this inscription Confidens Deo non move{illeg}tur.

One piece 1640 worse 2oz 5dwt wt 5$\frac{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr

Another 1687 worse 2oz 2dwt. wt 17dwt 12gr very little worn

Another 1650 worse 2oz 1$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$dwt wt 16dt. 18gr

Another 1687 worse 2oz 7dwt. wt 17dwt 13$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$gr very little worn.

Three others not assayed weighed dated 1641, 1645, 1648 weighed 17dwt 7gr$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$; 17dwt {illeg} 17dwt 76g$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$. They seem to be 9 ounces fine by law but often happen to be three {illeg} penny weight coarser. Reynolds puts them 8oz 11dwt fine & 17dwt 18gr weight. Their {illeg} is rather 17dwt 13 or 14gr new out of the Mint.